Tallying Up Total Compensation
- What is a "Tally Sheet"?
- Key Tally Sheet Questions that Compensation Committees Should Be Asking
- Disclosure About Tallies
- Sample Tally Sheets
- Practice Pointers
- Memos/Articles
- What is a "Tally Sheet"?
As first noted in the May-June 2004 issue of The Corporate Counsel, when considering any aspect of a CEO’s (or other senior executive’s) compensation, the compensation committee should start with a tally sheet that lists each component of the CEO’s compensation and tallies it all up. The concept is so basic, but the practice was not widespread until we wrote about it. Now, we are pleased that most compensation consultants are recommending that their clients use tally sheets and this practice indeed has caught on with most companies.
Of late, we are becoming concerned about potential misuse of tally sheets. The problem seems to be arising at consulting firms that are so used to the "survey" way of life that they just view this as another opportunity to provide survey comparisons showing what others have done. The problem with this is that tally sheets are supposed to help uncover and fix (if necessary) past mistakes and unintended amounts, not to memorialize them. As Fred Cook so ably pointed out in his speech at the Stanford Directors College a few years ago, surveys have been a major factor in causing excessive compensation. And now, if we are not careful, some consultants will latch onto providing tally sheet "surveys" as another source of business that will undermine the purpose of the tally sheet and further escalate compensation.
- Key Tally Sheet Questions that Compensation Committees Should Be Asking
How comprehensive and up-to-date is the "tally" provided to the Compensation Committee regarding the cash-based and equity-based compensation, deferred compensation, retirement plan benefits, and other benefits/perks of the executive officers? How detailed does it need to be? In the wake of recent developments, a number of Compensation Committees have reevaluated, or are in the process of re-evaluating, the level and scope of data needed for purposes of their reviews, and the nature and depth of the overall review process that they use. In this regard, a variety of questions can arise regarding the scope of the "tally" to be provided regarding current compensation, including:
- Should the cash compensation portion of that "tally" provide, for each executive in question, a recent history of prior base salary increases and of prior target and actual bonus payouts?
- In addition to identifying the current spread values of all outstanding vested options/SARs and all unvested options/SARs, and summarizing the total values realized on any recent option/SAR exercises (data similar to that shown in proxy statement tables), should the stock option / SAR portion of that "tally", for each executive in question: project the potential future spread values of any unvested options/SARs as of their scheduled vesting dates (based, e.g., on realistic representative future price points); and summarize the net shares (if any) retained on recent stock option / SAR exercises (e.g., on exercises over the trailing 2-3 years)?
- In addition to quantifying and valuing any unvested awards still outstanding as of the review date, should the restricted stock / RSU grant portion of that "tally" also summarize, for each executive in question, the values on the vesting date of any such awards that had previously vested over, e.g., the last 2-3 years, and the net shares (if any) retained with respect to such vested shares or units after the payment of any taxes?
- In addition to projecting the size of the next LTIP payout (if feasible), does that "tally" also include a full status update on all LTIP cycles in progress in terms of the target, maximum and likely payouts for such cycles, as well as a recap of recent LTIP payouts?
- Does the "tally" include an update on the extent of executive officer compliance with any applicable stock ownership guidelines and/or grant-by-grant net share retention requirements taking into account any stock options exercised, any restricted stock awards vesting, and any RSU or LTIP awards paid out in the last x months/years?
- Does the "tally" include a summary of any current accrued tax-qualified and nonqualified supplemental (SERP) defined benefit plan benefits, any current accrued tax-qualified and non-qualified supplemental defined contribution plan account balances, and any other accrued deferred compensation (principal and earnings)? What kind of future accrual/payout projections (if any) are provided?
- Does the "tally" include data showing, by individual, by category and/or on an overall basis, how the executive compensation packages in question compare to those of peer company executives, taking into account relative financial, stock price and strategic performance at the company vs. among the peers?
For example, we have noted some early efforts that have overlooked (or misunderstood) how to address and factor in:
- annual pre-tax interest on previously deferred compensation (including returns on hypothetical investments),
- dividends on growing restricted stock accumulations,
- accumulated gains from past stock options and restricted stock grants,
- the true value of perks, and
- SERPs and other potential retirement and severance payouts (including the true value of projected post-retirement perks and ongoing benefits).
In addition, directors need to be able to assess why (and when) each component of the CEO’s total compensation became part of the package and whether—now that all the components are presented in one place—some aspects may now be redundant or no longer appropriate.
- Disclosure about Tallies
Not only should compensation committees be conducting tallies of possible payouts, but this information should also be disclosed in proxy statements. In the first year under the SEC's new compensation rules, several hundred companies disclosed that they use tally sheets. In its recently updated executive compensation policy, the Council of Institutional Investors requests that "Each year, the compensation committee should review performance of individuals in the oversight group and approve any bonus, severance, equity-based award or extraordinary payment made to them. The committee should understand all components of executive compensation and annually review total compensation potentially payable to the oversight group under all possible scenarios, including death/disability, retirement, voluntary termination, termination with and without cause and changes of control. The committee should also ensure that the structure of pay at different levels (CEO and others in the oversight group, other executives and non-executive employees) is fair and appropriate in the context of broader company policies and goals and fully justified and explained."
- Sample Tally Sheets
- Sample Tally Sheet - Summary - PDF version and Excel version -Mike Kesner, Deloitte Consulting
- Sample Tally Sheet - Total Compensation - PDF version and Excel version -Mike Kesner, Deloitte Consulting
- Sample Tally Sheet - Termination Payments - PDF version and Excel version -Mike Kesner, Deloitte Consulting
- Sample Tally Sheet - Projected Value - PDF version and Excel version -Mike Kesner, Deloitte Consulting
- Sample Tally Sheet (tailor this tally sheet to accommodate the specifics of your company's programs and the intended use/focus of the analysis) -Pearl Meyer & Partners
- Towers Perrin's Tally Sheet -John England, Towers Perrin
- Tally Sheets - the Accumulated Wealth Addendum -Doug Friske, Towers Perrin
- Implementing Tally Sheets for Compensation Committees -Myrna Hellerman, Sibson Consulting, and Blair Jones, Semler Brossy Consulting Group
- Top Executives' Total Compensation - Fred Cook (4/5/05) (includes sample tally sheet)
- Sample Tally Sheet - PDF version and Excel version -from a Public Company (5/05)
- Example of an Accumulated Gains and Carried Interest Table -Don Delves, The Delves Group
- An Equity Sensitivity Analysis Table -Don Delves, The Delves Group
- Sample Tally Sheet -Pearl Meyer, Steven Hall & Partners
- Illustrative Tally Sheet - Word File -Blair Jones, Semler Brossy Consulting Group
- Practice Pointers Regarding Tallying Up Compensation
- Talking Points from 4th Annual Conf.: Tally Sheets
—Mike Kesner, Deloitte Consulting & Blair Jones, Semler Brossy - How to Devise and Utilize the Appropriate Tally Sheets
—Mike Kesner, Deloitte Consulting - Talking Points from 3rd Annual Conf. - Tally Sheets;
Sample Termination Scenario Tally Sheet (Excel file)
—Mike Kesner, Deloitte Consulting - Talking Points from 2nd Annual Conf. - Tally Sheets
- Practical Guidance on Tally Sheets
—NASPP Conference (10/06) - Landmark "Disney" Decision Provides Guidance For Compensation Governance
—Fred Cook, Frederic W. Cook & Co., Inc. - Tally Sheets: Adding Up the Cost of Executive Compensation
—The Hay Group -
Tally Sheets - the Accumulated Wealth Addendum
—Doug Friske, Towers Perrin -
Tally Sheets Will Evolve
—Joe Rich, Pearl Meyers & Partners -
Implementing Tally Sheets - Accumulated Wealth and Other Views
—Doug Friske, Towers Perrin -
Key Tally Sheet Questions that Compensation Committees Should Be Asking
—Anonymous Task Force Member -
The Need for An Improved Public Disclosure Philosophy
—Richard Wagner, Strategic Compensation Research Associates (SCRA) -
Updated Executive Compensation Policy - Tally Sheets and Internal Equity
Checks
— Council of Institutional Investors - Example of an Accumulated Gains and Carried Interest Table
—Don Delves, The Delves Group -
An Equity Sensitivity Analysis Table
—Don Delves, The Delves Group - Why Compensation Committees Should Ask Their Consultants or HR to Provide Them With a
Comprehensive Tally Sheet Showing All the Components of Their CEO's (and NEO's) Compensation
—Myrna Hellerman, Sibson Consulting, and Blair Jones, Semler Brossy Consulting Group - Implementing Tally Sheets for Compensation Committees
—Myrna Hellerman, Sibson Consulting, and Blair Jones, Semler Brossy Consulting Group - Top Executives' Total Compensation
— Fred Cook (4/5/05) (includes sample tally sheet) - Why Boards Need a "Holy Cow!" Calculation
—Pearl Meyer & Partners -
Tallying Top Executives’ Total Compensation
—Fred Cook, Frederic Cook & Co., Inc.
- Memos/Articles Regarding Tallying Up Compensation
- "Adding it All Up," Joann S. Lublin, Wall Street Journal (4/10/06) (subscription required)
- "Memo to Activists: Mind CEO Pay," Jesse Eisinger, Wall Street Journal (1/11/06) (subscription required)
- "Company Boards Tally Up Executive Pay," AP, Washington Post 11/18/05
- "Follow the CEO's Money: That Is, if Anyone Can; A Suggestion: the 'PAY-K' - One Easy-to-Read Table," Jesse Eisnger, Wall Street Journal (paid subscription required) (2/16/05)
- "Stealth Compensation via Retirement Benefits," Lucian Arye Bebchuk and Jesse M. Fried (9/04)
- "How Some CEO Pay Flies Under the Radar," Joann S. Lublin, Economic Research Institute
- "Executive Pay: A Special Report; How the Pay Figures Were Calculated," N.Y. Times (4/4/04) (paid subscribers)
- "Executive Pay; Hiding Behind Small Print," Gretchen Morgenson, N.Y. Times (2/8/04) (paid subscribers)
- "Buried Treasure: Well Hidden Perk Means Big Money for Top Executive," Ellen E. Schultz and Theo Francis, Wall Street Journal (10/11/02) (finds growth of deferred compensation accounts has been largely overlooked as rich salaries, sweetheart loans and generous stock options have prompted scrutiny of executive compensation)
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"Re-Examining Deferred Compensation," The Corporate Executive
September-October 1987